Sperm cooperation turns out to be widespread across arthropods rather than an evolutionary curiosity.
Researchers mapped sperm traits across hundreds of insects, spiders, crustaceans, centipedes and related animals and found that sperm conjugation — cells physically joining into coordinated groups — has repeatedly appeared, disappeared and reappeared over roughly 600 million years. A membrane-bound sperm-associated material can bind cells or organise them into larger structures, potentially improving movement, coordination or molecular delivery through the female reproductive tract.
https://scitechdaily.com/sperm-teamwork-is-far-more-common-than-scientists-realized/
